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Players should have a 'covert' language to talk privately in. The language should be useful in dad-to-day adventuring and have a decent number of speakers to make it useful. As it's intent is to be covert(private) the language should not be spoken/known by evil and/or monster types. Alas, humans are some of the worst offenders on the Evil chart.
I'd suggest in order of preference; tien, elven, kelesh, vudrani, ancient osiriani, (ancient) azlanti.

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Clearly you haven't adventured with Pathfinder SWAT.
Halfling is our preferred language. Not available on a base language sheet unless you're Human or Halfling and nobody thinks to take the language of such an unassuming race. Although "Sasquatch" came in a close second.
It's all we speak when in mission.

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No one expects us to know halfling. Not even the halflings! Though it was a little embarrassing during the mission in [REDACTED] that we needed to adjust to the halflings we found there.
Sasquatch just sounds too much like drunken Ulfen men when they are out carousing. Not something I need to hear on a daily basis.

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fixed the adjective on azlanti so it wouldn't confuse some people. 8^) Kibitz on

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I can think of very few cases where the opposition will be native speakers of celestial.
Back in seasons 4 and 5, my tongues oracle loved having it as a private language with all the party aasimar.
My oracle with the tongues curse took Shared Communal Language as a known spell, so he could teach his entire party Celestial or Infernal and be able to talk to them during combat.
Not being able to talk to my teammates in fights before then was tough, but fun at times. One of my best moments is when my battle oracle and the party paladin got ahead of the rest of the group while fighting in melee against some enemies. Once the first wave of enemies were done, when we were expecting a second wave to appear soon, he turned to me and said, "Should we head back closer to the rest of the party?", forgetting that my PC didn't understand him. I proceeded to just babble gibberish at him at the table, and everyone cracked up laughing.

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both halfling and celestial (or any outsider language) have the issue of limited distribution and usage in the general populace on golarion and thus limited use in PFS skill checks for the average player. Clearly there is a practical part to this thread. The language has to be useful for more than just talking to your party. I'd agree that for an Adventure Path/Module there would be obvious choices, and the same is true if your usual group consists of 50%+ aasimars (but by now (Season 8) that should be limited).
Should the fighter spend a skill point on Celestial or Halfling? I'd think Tian or Elvish might appear more frequently in PFS play and certainly Tian is handy(almost necessary) in any TianXia based scenario.

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I can think of very few cases where the opposition will be native speakers of celestial.
Back in seasons 4 and 5, my tongues oracle loved having it as a private language with all the party aasimar.
I've seen two players who are mundanely professors of religion specializing in Buddhism have their characters converse in Celestial, and play it by speaking Tibetan.
We also have a player/GM who can use Mandarin to represent Tien.
Hmm. I also know someone who can speak Classical Latin. There ought to be a language on Golarion that Latin would make a good proxy for.

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Hmm. I also know someone who can speak Classical Latin. There ought to be a language on Golarion that Latin would make a good proxy for.
I think that Jistka would be a good analog.
The language of the Jistka Imperium that stretched across northwestern Garund and southwestern Avistan during the Age of Anguish and into the Age of Destiny, Jistka is remembered for forming the basis of the alphabets of many human languages. Skald, Taldane, and Varisian have numerous letters from the Jistka alphabet, and the Jistka numerals (where I is 1, V is 5, etc.) are still used by scholars and royalty for their most formal documents.

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Jistka is a root language, but PF doesn't really get into that level of detail in rules for language similarities and dependence, it's just handwaived. The vast majority of GMs just treat languages as independent.
That puts Jistka squarely in the realm of scholars or those with esoteric knowledge. I suppose a modern analogy would be speaking sumerian or phonecian.
One of the issues with old languages, particularly ancient ones before printing, is the range of expression. Latin is a very simple language and many modern concepts can only be implied, not directly given words. I assume the same would be true of Jistka, Thassilonian, and Azlanti.

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I retract any previous claim, Flail Snail is the best possible covert language.
...because the party can't communicate in it, only understand it?

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I retract any previous claim, Flail Snail is the best possible covert language.
Flail snail is not legal for PFS.
All languages found in this book are available for a character to learn with the linguistics skill, except flail snail.

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Graham Wilson wrote:I retract any previous claim, Flail Snail is the best possible covert language.Flail snail is not legal for PFS.
Additional Resources entry for Bestiary 3 wrote:All languages found in this book are available for a character to learn with the linguistics skill, except flail snail.
I hadn't thought to check if it was PFS legal or not, I guess now I would say Gug (it is PFS legal)

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It's a bit short in duration, but there's a language option that literally no one will be able to decipher, not even you after it's over: Codespeak. I've used it during infiltration missions or when we need some privacy in a home campaign. It works great, until someone gets caught and they have no idea why you're only able to communicate in gibberish.

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I can think of very few cases where the opposition will be native speakers of celestial.
Back in seasons 4 and 5, my tongues oracle loved having it as a private language with all the party aasimar.
Celestial is all my paladin oracle inquisitor speaks. He keeps asking the foes to surrender, but can't get a clear reaponse.

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Several players in my region (myself included for tactically-minded characters) actually come up with a series of codes during character introductions.
A popular one (ironically owing to the fact that we have several lodge members with varying degrees of arachnophobia) is characters using "number of legs" to openly call out how hurt you are during combat.
That said, I'm still hoping Pathfinder Hand Sign from Seekers of Secrets (and referenced in several other places including a scenario or two) eventually becomes a PFS legal language.

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so no real consensus so far...
celestial is understandably popular, especially given Oracle's tongue curse and recent season's influx of aasimars.
Halfling was somewhat of a surprise.
My point is still the same, talk to your party members/group at level 1. Choose something most people can also choose that works for a variety of situations.