Why do some monsters have new names for 2e?


Pathfinder Second Edition General Discussion


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Like the troglodytes are called Xulgaths now. I'm guessing it's so the name can be copyrighted, as "troglodyte" is a pre-existing word found in the dictionary, so you can't copyright it.


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You are asking this today, of all days?


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breithauptclan wrote:
You are asking this today, of all days?

I assume you're referring to the news about the new WotC OGL 1.1, which is attempting to revoke OGL 1.0 and basically ruin table top gaming?

I'm actually surprised we haven't seen threads about this or a statement from Paizo yet.

I would expect Paizo is now going to need to go through and edit all of their works to remove anything covered under OGL (which will be A LOT) to block WotC trying to claim it retroactively.


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Starfinder Superscriber
breithauptclan wrote:
You are asking this today, of all days?

(extremely Godfather voice)

"You come to me, on the day of Kobold Press announcing a new system and Wizards of the Coast announcing a new OGL and ask me to explain...."


Smurf you!


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Giving things distinct identities from their D&D predecessors was a good idea before the currently OGL mess, and an especially appealing one since. That's half the picture.

There's also been a push to get more names that the creatures call themselves (when applicable), rather than the outsider terms; Iruxi over Lizardfolk, Xulgath over Troglodyte, Amurrun over Catfolk, and so on. In many cases, only the outsider term existed in prior canon, and most are used interchangeably (see the term Strix still vastly overshadowing their name, Itarii), so it's just bonus variety.


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Since this is what I'm doing today...

In 2021, James Jacobs had this to say on the subject.

James Jacobs wrote:
Aenigma wrote: wrote:


Ioun stones are renamed as aeon stones in Second Edition. Have Paizo and Wizards of the Coast always assumed that ioun stones are heavily related to the neutral outsiders who serve to preserve balance throughout the Great Beyond? Also, are "ioun", "aeon", and "eon" pronounced identically?

Ioun stones were first invented by writer Jack Vance long before D&D (this is where the "Vancian Magic" comes from as well). The story goes that Jack Vance gave Gary Gygax verbal permission to use some of his creations in D&D, not expecting the game to last that long or make a big splash, but it ended up being more popular than Jack Vance in the long run, I think, which is kind of depressing. I wish D&D had done better giving credit where credit is due, and I kind of wish all game companies did (Paizo included) as well, but that's a different story.

We changed them to aeon stones in 2nd edition for the same reason we changed the names of troglodytes and stirges and ankhegs—to make it easier for us to use the flavor for these things we invented in non OGL products. Having aeons in the setting was a happy coincidence that gave us a great similar sounding word to change to, but the link between these things didn't exist in print before 2nd edition.

Aeon and eon are pronounced the same. I've always pronounced ioun closer to ion or even "EYE-yoon" but I'm not sure how Jack Vance pronounced the word.


Claxon wrote:
breithauptclan wrote:
You are asking this today, of all days?

I assume you're referring to the news about the new WotC OGL 1.1, which is attempting to revoke OGL 1.0 and basically ruin table top gaming?

I'm actually surprised we haven't seen threads about this or a statement from Paizo yet.

I would expect Paizo is now going to need to go through and edit all of their works to remove anything covered under OGL (which will be A LOT) to block WotC trying to claim it retroactively.

There’s one thread in Paizo / General. Every other one is getting closed to focus there.


I've actually been wondering this since I noticed the name changes. I've just been too afraid to ask as I was afraid I would look really dumb for not knowing.


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Yqatuba wrote:
I've actually been wondering this since I noticed the name changes. I've just been too afraid to ask as I was afraid I would look really dumb for not knowing.

Well, you picked a perfect day to finally ask.

But yes, as keftiu said, the main reason is to make the creature more legally distinct in order to avoid copyright problems.


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Pathfinder Rulebook Subscriber
Yqatuba wrote:
Like the troglodytes are called Xulgaths now. I'm guessing it's so the name can be copyrighted, as "troglodyte" is a pre-existing word found in the dictionary, so you can't copyright it.

Troglodyte may be found in the dictionary, but the definition is not "smelly evil lizard person living underground." I think there's more to intellectual property than just a name. Changing the names, art, and flavor all contribute to making Pathfinder content more distinct and therefore legally defensible.


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Captain Morgan wrote:
Yqatuba wrote:
Like the troglodytes are called Xulgaths now. I'm guessing it's so the name can be copyrighted, as "troglodyte" is a pre-existing word found in the dictionary, so you can't copyright it.
Troglodyte may be found in the dictionary, but the definition is not "smelly evil lizard person living underground." I think there's more to intellectual property than just a name. Changing the names, art, and flavor all contribute to making Pathfinder content more distinct and therefore legally defensible.

Correct, troglodyte the wear isn't IP, but the specific expression of name + "description" is. In the same way that say "Rooster" is a word, but "Rooster's" is a chicken restaurant and has enforceable IP in that space.

I am not a lawyer in contracts or IP, but I expect that all the large TTRP producers are consulting with their lawyers and looking at what they need to change to avoid WotC reach. Regardless of whether or not WotC is successful in what they're trying to do, the best approach is to proactively get rid of anything you can that falls under OGL so that WotC can't even make an attempt. Because they will likely attempt to litigate whatever they think they can win, especially against small producers who wont have the money to fight and win against the behemoth that is WotC/Hasbro.

Grand Lodge

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Pathfinder Starfinder Roleplaying Game Subscriber

There is also Paizo wanting to keep monster names consistent in product lines that never used OGL to begin with; mostly the Pathfinder Battles minis and the now-defunct Pathfinder Adventures card game.


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I kinda assumed its the same reason Ive renamed things: when people hear troglodyte or drow or what have you, they have some very specific assumptions about the nature of the creature. I personally dislike a lot of d&d lore due to the colonialist ideology that often shows up in it, so if I want to use something that's especially loaded with assumptions, it's easier to give them a new name and a physical description rather than pulling a "my drow are different"


The dictionary definition of troglodyte means cave-dweller. Thus, in real life it refers to primitive humans or Neanderthals. The Pathfinder xulgath are described as, "Reptilian humanoids who live in the uppermost reaches of the Darklands," so they are cave dwellers from the point of view of surface people, but so are a lot of other subterranean species. "Xulgath" is more precise.

I have been running the PF1 Ironfang Invasion adventure path under PF2 rules, and one module has a mission to caves inhabited by xulgath cultists. But the module called them troglodytes. In my descriptions I translated that to xulgath, since I used the Xulgath Skulkers and Xulgath Warriors from the PF2 Bestiaries. "Xulgath" was both more precise and easier to pronounce.

Another reason to use the newer names is that Pathfinder 2nd Edition has been creating a lot of uncommon playable ancestries that are exotic species, such as azarketi previously called gillmen, catfolk also called amurruns, lizardfolk also called iruxi, and ratfolk also called ysoki. Calling a ysoki character a ratfolk would be like calling a human character a monkeyfolk (an insult I reserve for if my party ever encounters hostile ysoki). Players deserve a dignified species name for their characters. The only troublesome name remaining is halfling, because the obvious alternative "hobbit" is still controlled by the Tolkien estate.


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Mathmuse wrote:
The only troublesome name remaining is halfling, because the obvious alternative "hobbit" is still controlled by the Tolkien estate.

The Forgotten Realms has them self-label as the hin, which I've always liked.

PF1e largely presented Halflings as the weird little hangers-on of humanity, which I've never liked... and it makes less sense now that distinctly Halfling cultures like the Jaric and Song'o are getting the spotlight. I'd quite like a term they use for themselves.

We also do need a word other than Gnoll for the non-Kholo hyenafolk, just to avoid OGL ire.


Mathmuse wrote:
The only troublesome name remaining is halfling, because the obvious alternative "hobbit" is still controlled by the Tolkien estate.

I've always been a fan of renaming Human to Ling.


Starfinder Superscriber
keftiu wrote:

We also do need a word other than Gnoll for the non-Kholo hyenafolk, just to avoid OGL ire.

I don't think gnoll is copyrighted either. Warcraft was full of Gnolls.

I like the idea of having two separate names for each culture. One that was bestowed on it by its enemies, and one that they use internally.


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Leon Aquilla wrote:
keftiu wrote:

We also do need a word other than Gnoll for the non-Kholo hyenafolk, just to avoid OGL ire.

I don't think gnoll is copyrighted either. Warcraft was full of Gnolls.

It's not copyrighted, no, but here's a comment from JJ in October talking about how their strong D&D roots causes some potentially hiccups for Gnolls. Having a non-Gnoll name (like Kholo, or something else for the Ancestry as a whole) for them, plus them getting away from always being demonic desert slavers, helps PF2 carve out a niche.


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Pathfinder Maps, Starfinder Adventure Path, Starfinder Maps, Starfinder Roleplaying Game, Starfinder Society Subscriber; Pathfinder Roleplaying Game Superscriber
Kasoh wrote:
Mathmuse wrote:
The only troublesome name remaining is halfling, because the obvious alternative "hobbit" is still controlled by the Tolkien estate.
I've always been a fan of renaming Human to Ling.

No, a ling is what you cross a human with to get a half-ling. Sheesh! ;)


Shouldn't that be a three-quarters-ling?

A giant (large size) + a halfling should make a ling.


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When two giants love each other very much, you might get a couple-ling.

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