
Grick |

If a player has a +2 Caustic Longbow and shoots a +1 Flaming arrow, the result is +2 Caustic and Flaming attack (1d8+2+1d6 acid+1d6 fire), correct?
Yep.
Ranged Weapons and Ammunition: "The enhancement bonus from a ranged weapon does not stack with the enhancement bonus from ammunition. Only the higher of the two enhancement bonuses applies.
Ammunition fired from a projectile weapon with an enhancement bonus of +1 or higher is treated as a magic weapon for the purpose of overcoming damage reduction. Similarly, ammunition fired from a projectile weapon with an alignment gains the alignment of that projectile weapon."

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Yes, mostly it is the requirement that ammunition follow the same rules for enhancing as a regular weapon that creates the confusion...(though from a merchant you can by far less than 50 if you DM allows, thus mitigating the upfront cost).
Unfortunately there isn't an easy way balance wise to remove the confusion as, if they didn't keep the requirement, you would see people running around with some very cheap enchantments :-/ (Ie paying 2k for 50 flame arrows instead of 8000 for 50 +1 flame arrows).