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Detect evil detects creatures meeting certain qualifications--evil undead, evil subtype, evil aura class feature, evil alignment (with sufficient hit dice), or actively evil intent (with sufficient hit dice). It also detects evil-aligned spells (i.e., spells with the [evil] descriptor) of sufficient caster level as well as evil-aligned items of sufficient caster level.
An ongoing effect from a vampire's dominate (Su) ability is not an evil-aligned spell effect, nor is an ongoing dominate person spell from the same vampire. Detect evil would not ping unless the victim would ping for some other reason (such as actively evil intent with sufficient hit dice).
Dominate Person is not the same as Magic Jar or Possession. It's brainwashing, not a presence in the person, and Detect Evil detects the alignment aura of Evil creatures with sufficient hit dice, not the alignment of actions. You can tell someone is under an Enchantment with Detect Magic or the Sense Motive skill, though.
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If a creature (example: villager) is dominated by an evil creature (example: vampire), can you use detect evil to sense they are under the control of something evil? If the villager was actively doing something evil, detect evil says the villager would detect. What about otherwise?
For starters, the ability to detect Enchantments on creatures is actually the Sense Motive skill. Core Rulebook, Sense Motive. DC 15 if they've been Dominated. This check can be attempted untrained. Wouldn't tell you the details of the spell, but would a great reason to use Detect Magic.
Regarding the spell, Detect Evil, no, I don't believe the spell can determine the alignment of the caster unless the caster is within the area of your detection spell. Dominate Person is also a non-evil spell, so wouldn't have an Evil Aura and shouldn't be subject to the spell. Detect Magic would be the spell you'd use for this.