
BigNorseWolf |

If a creature is hovering 5' above you, is it adjacent to you?
Yes. When you start flying you need to envision the battlemat as a 3d cube. A medium creature occupies the cube from 0 to 5 feet (x1:y1:z1), and something 5 feet off the ground occupies the cube going from 5 to 10 feet (x1:y1:z2).
If a creature is mounted on you, is it also considered adjacent to you in that regard?
You're considered to be in the same squares (or in this case cubes) as the mount you are riding and vice versa.

Calypsopoxta |

You're considered to be in the same squares (or in this case cubes) as the mount you are riding and vice versa.
Wait so basically a medium creature riding a colossal creature is considered to be taking up and threatening all space with it's reach from the colossal creature's occupied squares? Adversely they can be attacked from anywhere the creature they are riding can be attacked from? That's kind of neat actually.

Zurai |

Ah yes, I misread. In that case, yes, you're correct. A mounted character can attack any square within its own reach from any square the mount occupies (because the mounted character also occupies those squares).
As for your original question: yes, a flying creature hovering directly over another creature's head is adjacent to that creature. The mount question is a little trickier by the rules; if the mount is Large or larger, then both the mount and the rider are adjacent to each other. If the mount is Medium or smaller (a riding dog ridden by a halfling, for example), then by strict RAW they are not adjacent because they do not occupy squares that share borders. Common sense definition of 'adjacent', of course, does apply if the DM has any sense.

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Oh nice, does that mean a large+ mount can use the Bodyguard feat on it's rider?
Sure. That seems a reasonable usage of the defend trick, included in combat training and guard training.
Yes, assuming it qualifies to take the feat in the first place (Eidolons are fine, but animal companions and special mounts will need to raise their intelligence score to 3 in order to take it, as it's not an allowed animal feat).
True, if the mount is an animal companion and the GM has not expanded the list of animal feats to take into account the APG (it would have been good to include such a listing in the APG, seeing it introduced the cavalier).