There was an AD&D (2nd Edition) book called the World Builder's Guidebook that had various handouts to help organize stuff.
Amazon Link
If you are looking for general ideas on putting your world together, the Gamemastery Guide by Paizo will talk you through it.
Personally, when I've built worlds in the past I start with the touchstone pieces of the world's history (Starfall, the failure of Aroden to use Golarion examples) and ask how they would shape the world. Next I make a general world map to see the shapes of continents, and then pick a single continent and break it into nations. Build kingdom maps and layout cities. Then start adding in the details of the world and each kingdom's past.
I organize it with the world map and global history, then sort by continent and nations on that continent. Usually I sort the nations alphabetically, but organizing them by locale is fine.
It would take a single person decades to fill in all the detail of an entire world, lifetimes if they are trying to go into the depth of history that settings like the Forgotten Realms has. So I generally focus my efforts on the parts of the world that I plan on running the adventure in and nearby areas that the heroes may run off to or ask about. I've also worked with friends to flesh out other kingdoms, so they each have a distinct tone and vibe since we look at the world differently. This shared worldbuilding also helps get the players invested in the world and the campaign as they can see the impact of their choices OOC and IC.
Edit: A quick Google search came up with various articles and handouts for novelists. Here's the top response from my search
