I would tell the DM to go sit on a chile pepper and find another group.
Prof. Löwenzahn im glad you want to give me an advice but I am sure that this Kind of solution might be fun for me, but i dont want to solve the Situation with also being mean to other Players.
Mafga - that statement is to your credit. Best of luck finding a new group. I don't think wanting to play a good campaign is bad or even unusual. However the DM definitely shouldnt set the new player up to fail right from the start.
mafga, you sound like you're doing all the right things, but the group you were with were a bunch of inconsiderate jerks. Walk away, and don't look back. And there's definitely no need to be confrontational or petty about it, either, so you've got the right attitude.
Find an online game if you can't find a face-to-face group, and I truly wish you the best of luck. Roleplaying is an awesome hobby, and I'm really sorry that you had such a poor experience this time around.
Just to reiterate: you did everything right, the other players (including the GM) sound like complete jerks who don't understand how the game is meant to work.