Pathfinder Roleplaying Game Superscriber; Pathfinder Starfinder Roleplaying Game Subscriber
I've asked this before. Most people seemed to think not, since the Arcane Discoveries are basically just feats by another name, and you can't take feats more than once unless they specifically say so.
To add to Ravingdork's comment, just look at the other arcane discoveries. Golem Constructor and True Name specify that you can take them multiple times. Opposition Research does not.