Yes, stats exist for many of those weapons, I know the Meteor Hammer specifically and I suspect the tetsubo, etc. They can probably be found on d20pfsrd.com or on the PRD.
As for proficiency, I believe the monk needs to spend a feat on Exotic Weapon proficiency unless the weapon is denoted as a monk weapon. I might be wrong on that.
I don't have the materials that contain these items, if they exist. I could tell you how I would house rule them, but... I would change a LOT about Monk proficiencies, honestly. Most monk weapons are just simple weapons, IMO, with things like chain weapons and hook swords as exotic.
First rule of a rpg system: if something is cool, do it.
Ask your DM if your monk can use a monk´s spade and give it some reasonable values. It´s not that big of a deal, the monk´s unarmed attack damage gets quite high and you could even rule that a monk´s spade can be used in a flurry - if it has less damage than the unarmed attack, you could even add some qualities like range.
Just ask yourself: "Am I trying to do PG or style?" and if it´s style, it´s ok.