my question is, if you have a medium sized creature who is grappled by a large creature does the medium creature take full damage from an alchemist's bombs or is it only splash? And say the alchemist has precise bombs as well?
As a rule with thrown splash weapons you target a specific creature (unless you target a grid intersection, but that's a different case). All other creatures within 5 feet of it take splash damage. For a large creature that means any creature in one of the 12 squares surrounding it. This also includes creatures that are small enough to occupy the same space as a larger creature.
Precise bombs enables your alchemist to exclude a certain number of creatures from the splash damage (ie they take no damage from your bomb).
Note that to hit your original target, you must succeed at a ranged touch attack. This attack is modified by things like soft cover and shooting/throwing into melee (although you can take the feat "precise shot" to avoid the latter and "improved precise shot" to avoid the former). Also note that while grappling BOTH grapplers have the "grappled" condition, which affects the reflex saving throw to avoid splash damage (if you don't have "precise bombs").
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my question is, if you have a medium sized creature who is grappled by a large creature does the medium creature take full damage from an alchemist's bombs or is it only splash? And say the alchemist has precise bombs as well?
I assume you mean if the large creature is hit with a bomb while grappling?
In any case the answer is no. Bombs (All splash weapons really) will only ever do full damage to the target of the attack, the rest is splash.
ok thanks that helps a lot. my dm has ruled bombs are straight ranged attacks not range touch. As well as if someone is grappled both grappled members take full damage. would you consider that fair? one of my allies was grabbed by a barbed devil which is large i threw three bombs and crit twice. thus killing the creature and my allie. i have precise shot precise bomb which should have negated the damage to my allie even though grappled right?
Yes, you are right. In any case your ally would only have gotten splash damage, but because you have "precise bombs" he wouldn't even have gotten that. So 0 damage to your ally.
Also because you have "precise shot" you don't take the penalty for throwing into melee (should be -2 if your target is large and -4 if it is medium). Additionally, because the devil had the "grappled" condition he should get a penalty to dexterity (and thus to AC).