I'm not sure if this is already somewhere on the site, but I think this should be clarified. What DOES qualify as cover or gives some kind of extra component to hiting the oponent?
This is something after my group rotated gms to a new campaign with the new gm having never gmed before. The only component that I feel was completely misunderstood was how concealment/ cover works.
Here is the Scenario: group of 5 going into emerald spire with fighter and rogue front, mages in the back. First encounter is a 10ft wide hallway and a goblin with two goblin dogs. wizard rolls high init, and then fires a crossbow bolt at the goblin whom is not in melee range for other players. The goblin got a +4 AC due to cover, which was the mages allies directly in front of him (He made his shot anyway but not the point). Later, more goblins arrived (still 10ft hallway) and the mage was in a line of shot and they aimed for him. One goblin got a shot off that didn't encure the wizard to have a +4 but the other did due to line of sight through the spaces.
Now, this made me think, what qualifies as cover? because even though a 5 foot square is what an average character occupies (medium or small usually) however there are 2 issues: #1 is that the Core book only refers to cover as walls and never mentions creatures unless they are large or bigger. #2 is that while (for example) a medium creature takes a 5 foot square, any creature (with physical fitness of decent proportions) only occupies the space of about 2-3 feet at most unless VERY stretched out (think jumping jacks).
So, DO creatures qualify as cover when attacking (and they are not in a "shooting into combat" situation) when shooting past them, such as past allies or enemies for that matter? are there any other situations or things that qualify as cover? Please clarify this, and bring up anything concerning cover.
I hope that this also helps anyone who reads the answers in order to understand.