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Mounted Mastery (Ex): At 8th level, the cavalier applies 1/2 the normal armor check penalty to the Ride skill. Whenever he makes a charge attack while mounted, he receives a +4 dodge bonus to his AC to avoid attacks set against his charge. When making such an attack, he can add his mount’s Strength modifier to the damage roll, in addition to his own. He also receives a bonus feat, chosen from the following list: Mounted Combat, Ride-By Attack, Skill Focus (Ride), Spirited Charge, Trample, or Unseat. He must qualify for the feat selected.
Does the Mount's STR bonus get added before doubling the weapon damage (in the case of a lance or the spirited charge feat)? I'm preparing a high-level playtest and I'm working with the following variables:
Cavalier's STR 22 (+6)
Lance +3
Power Attack -5/+10
Mount's STR 26 (+8)
Ride-By Attack and Spirited Charge
Greater Vital Strike
so the numbers are either:
3x (1d8 +6[STR] +3[Magic], +10[Power Atk] +8[Mount STR]) plus 3d8, for a total of 6d8+81
OR
3x (1d8 +6[STR] +3[Magic], +10[Power Atk]) plus 3d8, plus 8[mount STR], for a total of 6d8+65
...a difference of 16 points, which is pretty large for a single attack.

Ben Adler |
Mounted Mastery (Ex): At 8th level, the cavalier applies 1/2 the normal armor check penalty to the Ride skill. Whenever he makes a charge attack while mounted, he receives a +4 dodge bonus to his AC to avoid attacks set against his charge. When making such an attack, he can add his mount’s Strength modifier to the damage roll, in addition to his own. He also receives a bonus feat, chosen from the following list: Mounted Combat, Ride-By Attack, Skill Focus (Ride), Spirited Charge, Trample, or Unseat. He must qualify for the feat selected.
The bolded phrase seems to to suggest you treat it similar to the cavalier's str bonus, which would mean that it is multiplied.

Ben Adler |
I'm pretty sure Vital Strike only doubles pure weapon damage. Strength and whatnot doesn't get multiplied.
Yep, Vital Strike only multiplies dice.
So say you've got 12 str(+1), 16 str(+3) mount, and a lance (1d8), and spirited charge, mounted mastery, and greater vital strike (assuming your GM lets charges work with vital strike, currently by strict rules interpretation charge does not work with vital strike)
Normal attack: 1d8+1
Charge attack: 3x(3x(1d8))+3x(1+3) or 9d8+12
First you'd add your str modifier and your mount's, giving you 1d8+4 dmg.
Then you would multiply the damage by 3x for lance on a mounted charge with spirited attack, giving 3d8+12.
Then you'd triple the damage dice for the weapon, making it 9d8+12.
Lastly you'd add precision/elemental damage dice, like challenge or a flaming weapon.