
Dragonchess Player |
Adventure Path Charter Subscriber; Pathfinder Rulebook, Starfinder Adventure Path, Starfinder Roleplaying Game, Starfinder Society Subscriber

There's Blade of the Purge, which converts the bane class feature to apply against followers of an "opposing" deity instead of a creature type.

I grok do u |
There is the Divine Champion warpriest archetype that has the Know the Infidel class feature that acts exactly like what you are asking for. Maybe you misremembered it as a feat?

Tom Sampson |
There is the Zeal inquisition, which explicitly obtains favored enemy bonuses against a religion you select that is opposed to yours, but that is not a feat.