Does non-proficiency in a weapon affect a weapon property in any way?
For instance can a wizard pick up a sai and still get the +2 to disarm?
Can a monk wield a tonfa and get the shield bonus while fighting defensively?
The rules don't appear to say explicitly that only proficient users benefit from disarm, etc., but it certainly would be a reasonable house rule. (Letting the monk run around with a tonfa sounds more fun, though.)
no. as non proficient with that weapon, you don´t know how it works at all. So you can´t have any bonus besides -4.
Also, i manage that when you are using a NPW you also can crit only with 20.
Example: you bought a Bastarsword, and youre not prof, so, besides the -4 to attack, you get crit only with 20 (regardless the 19-20 from a bastard).
You are getting the rules for an improvised weapon confused with being nonproficient.
The only rule for being nonproficient is the -4.
Improvised Weapons: Sometimes objects not crafted to be weapons nonetheless see use in combat. Because such objects are not designed for this use, any creature that uses an improvised weapon in combat is considered to be nonproficient with it and takes a –4 penalty on attack rolls made with that object. To determine the size category and appropriate damage for an improvised weapon, compare its relative size and damage potential to the weapon list to find a reasonable match. An improvised weapon scores a threat on a natural roll of 20 and deals double damage on a critical hit. An improvised thrown weapon has a range increment of 10 feet.
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By RAW, the only penalty wielding a non-proficient weapon gives is you a -4 penalty on attack rolls. Everything else remains unchanged.