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Prone: The character is lying on the ground. A prone attacker has a –4 penalty on melee attack rolls and cannot use a ranged weapon (except for a crossbow). A prone defender gains a +4 bonus to Armor Class against ranged attacks, but takes a –4 penalty to AC against melee attacks.
Standing up is a move-equivalent action that provokes an attack of opportunity.
Actually prone while still flying? Technically, no. Though, there might be situations that would cause the flying creature to stop flying and end up prone on the ground. I could also see something happen where the GM uses the "prone" condition to give the creature the bonuses and penalties associated with prone because those numbers are right for that situation, even though the creature isn't on the ground.
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It definately requires GM adjudication, and I think you'd be hard pressed to find a RAW answer to cover these situations since they're such a corner-case.
Thinking off the cuff, I would say with Leaping Shot, some kind of fly check with a higher DC than normal.
As far as the double hackbut, I'm torn between either imparting an even bigger attack penalty (plus fly skill check) or not allowing it.
I don't see why the 'lying on the ground' thing is anything more than fluff.
It's certainly meaningless in terms of flyers/climbers/swimmers/etc, but it isn't phrased as a rules restriction.
Plenty of other rules have similar 'assumptions' including about 2-d combat, etc.
Now, the normal means of being made Prone while Flying is being Tripped, and that explicitly doesn't work while you're flying.
But you could ALREADY be Tripped/Prone, and use magical flight to fly away... while still Prone, if you never 'stand up'.
And means other than Trip, including your own willing actions, can also apply the Prone condition.
my home rule on tripping flyer has all was been they make a dc20 fly check and for every 2point they fail by they fall 10ft my players liked the ruling and tried it on a harpy with a whip for great result