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Item in question is here:
"When a divine spellcaster lights a block of incense of meditation and then spends 8 hours praying and meditating nearby, the incense enables him to prepare all his spells as though affected by the Maximize Spell feat. However, all the spells prepared in this way are at their normal level, not at three levels higher (as with the regular metamagic feat).
Each block of incense burns for 8 hours, and the effects persist for 24 hours."
Is it possible to do the following steps:
a) Smoke weed for 8 hours, and prepare your spells maximised.
b) Use up your spells in 2 hours of adventuring
c) Get keep watch cast on you and rest.
d) Prepare a new set of spells maximised, without burning another block of incense.

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I don't think that would work for a cleric...
Clerics meditate or pray for their spells. Each cleric must choose a time at which she must spend 1 hour each day in quiet contemplation or supplication to regain her daily allotment of spells.
So, since Clerics can only prepare their spells at one specific time per day, they can't prepare, rest, and prepare again multiple times within one 24 hours period...

Fuzzy-Wuzzy |

Time of Day: A divine spellcaster chooses and prepares spells ahead of time, but unlike a wizard, does not require a period of rest to prepare spells. Instead, the character chooses a particular time of day to pray and receive spells. The time is usually associated with some daily event. If some event prevents a character from praying at the proper time, she must do so as soon as possible. If the character does not stop to pray for spells at the first opportunity, she must wait until the next day to prepare spells.
[...]
Recent Casting Limit: As with arcane spells, at the time of preparation any spells cast within the previous 8 hours count against the number of spells that can be prepared.
So you are twice prevented, with any divine caster, who are the only ones who can use the incense.
EDIT: The reason the incense says its effects persist for 24 hours is
When preparing spells for the day, a cleric can leave some of her spell slots open. Later during that day, she can repeat the preparation process as often as she likes. During these extra sessions of preparation, she can fill these unused spell slots. She cannot, however, abandon a previously prepared spell to replace it with another one or fill a slot that is empty because she has cast a spell in the meantime. Like the first session of the day, this preparation takes at least 15 minutes, and it takes longer if she prepares more than one-quarter of his spells.

Brew Bird |

Edit: Damn! Ninja'd!
Clerics don't need to rest to regain their spells. Instead they need to conduct an hour of prayer/meditation/whatever. They can only do this once per day (meaning once per 24 hour period).
They can leave slots open, just like wizards, but they can't prepare spells in the same slot more than once in a day.
There's also the Recent Casting Limit.
Recent Casting Limit: As with arcane spells, at the time of preparation any spells cast within the previous 8 hours count against the number of spells that can be prepared.
So even if this did work (which it doesn't) you'd have to wait another 8 hours after your last spell casting.
And no, it wouldn't work on a Shaman either. They're prepared divine casters, and follow all the same rules.
Each shaman must choose a time when she must spend 1 hour each day in quiet contemplation with her spirit animal to regain her daily allotment of spells.