I am going with the key line in the inner sea world guide for the spell Interplanatry Teleport, "functions as a Greater Teleport", to assume the 9th level spell can be used to teleport on the same planet you are on if you desire. But, looking for someone who concurs....
My copy says "functions as teleport". If your character has a solid grasp of the concept that Golarion is a planet, he can specify Golarion as the planet and a specific location he wants to reach.