Hi James. My group has started to play in Golarion in the Wrath of the Righteous Adventure Path (No spoilers) some time ago. We learned the very basic of this world and mostly treated most stuff as a sort of "regular fantasy setting" for the time being, deciding we might expand on our study of the world if we do come to like it.
However, recently two of my players (One who is interested in fantasy religions, and one who seeks to defy the gods, maybe take some of their power, via the "Source of Divinity" universal path ability,) have taken an interest in divinity. I understood, that I have no idea how it is dealt with in Golarion! I started reading from various wikis (I don't have the books themselves), but I was wondering about the nature of divinity, faith, gods and portfolios in the world.
1) What is the nature of divinity? What differs it from Arcane magic? What's is it's source?
2) What makes a god... a god? What differs a divine being from a mortal, other than power? I know that there re 4 mortals who ascended to godhood through the Starstone trial. Are there any others? what about the non-previously-mortal gods, where do they come from?
3) What of the other divine beings? (In "divine being" I mean any being who can bestow divine power upon followers) Such as demon lords? How do they differ from the gods? Is there real distinction? Any other non-gods divine beings?
4) What of the planes? What relation do they have to divine entities? I know some demon lords for examples have their own planes, (As are the demon lords in the adventure Path, and also the mention of Iomedae herself in the 5th installment) is this the norm? What relations do the planes have between themselves?
5) What relation do divine beings have on Golarion itself? I understood there is a sort of "non intervention" clause, (Which I can't seem to find, but is important to the game) but I also understand that the god Aroden acted fairly freely on Golarion?
6) Any special laws/ guidelines/ pacts the gods follow? Any "game rules/ do-and-don't?"
Thanks in advance in shedding light on the matter. If you can't do it directly, but can point me to a (Hopefully free) source that can explain that would be great.
Till then,
Kol.