I'm all for getting rid of the ability scores. 90% of the time, they're just extra math in an already somewhat burdensome and clunky system. But, they're important for character generation when you roll for stats. I can't think of a single other use that couldn't be served by just using the modifier:
-instead of 13 strength for power attack, +1 strength mod required (I know it's not the same, but the difference is pretty unimportant)
-ability score damage could be 1d2 +1 per 4 levels of modifier instead of 1d4 +1 per 2 levels of score (it's always annoying to recalculate after damage)
The #1 criticism I hear of Pathfinder is its clunkiness due to excess D20 baggage. I'm all for trimming the fat where possible. If the argument to keep ability scores is only 'but mah nostalgia', is it really worth keeping? Another question to consider: is Starfinder meant to incorporate a new audience, or appeal only to the existing Pathfinder audience? I'd say a new version of the system with a different setting is the perfect opportunity to streamline some fundamentals, just like getting rid of arcane vs divine casters.