A cavalier's mount does not gain the share spells special ability.
In a word, no. The share spells special ability is still there for the purposes of trading it out, but you are never allowed to use the ability itself. I would also note that, with some artful multiclassing, you could get around this restriction. Just take a level in some class that offers the animal companion ability for a horse that doesn't remove share spells - now your mount has share spells. (Albeit it's only equal to what a 1st level mount would have, but the ability doesn't scale anyway, so that limitation is irrelevant; your effective mount level for everything else will not be so restricted.)
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A cavalier's mount does not gain the share spells special ability.In a word, no. The share spells special ability is still there for the purposes of trading it out, but you are never allowed to use the ability itself. I would also note that, with some artful multiclassing, you could get around this restriction. Just take a level in some class that offers the animal companion ability for a horse that doesn't remove share spells - now your mount has share spells. (Albeit it's only equal to what a 1st level mount would have, but the ability doesn't scale anyway, so that limitation is irrelevant; your effective mount level for everything else will not be so restricted.)
I don't see how being a druid 1/cavalier 1 with a horse animal companion would let me have a level 2 horse with share spells. It either is the cavalier mount or it isn't, if it is it has share spells, if it isn't then it's a level 1 horse via druid animal companion. What am I missing?
Read the links I've already posted.
Cavalier: Do animal companion levels from the druid class stack with cavalier mount levels?
If the animal is on the cavalier mount list and on the list of animal companions for your other class, your cavalier and druid levels stack to determine the animal's abilities. If the animal is not on the cavalier mount list, the druid levels do not stack and you must have different animals (one an animal companion, one a cavalier mount).
For example, if you are Medium druid and you choose a horse companion, levels in cavalier stack to determine the horse's abilities. If you are a Medium druid and you choose a bird companion, levels in cavalier do not stack to determine the bird's abilities, and you must choose a second creature to be your mount (or abandon the bird and select an animal companion you can use as a mount).
This same answer applies to multiclassed cavalier/rangers.
(Note that the design team discourages players from having more than one companion creature at a time, as those creatures tend to be much weaker than a single creature affected by these stacking rules, and add to the bookkeeping for playing that character.)
If you're a a druid 1/cavalier 1, and you've chosen to have a horse for your druid animal companion, you can have:
*1x 2nd level horse animal companion (counts as both your cavalier mount and your druid animal companion.)
or
*2x 1st level horse animal companions (one counting as your cavalier mount, the other counting as your druid animal companion). (This option is not recommended by the FAQ because of the extra recordkeeping involved.)
A cavalier's mount does not get share spells; however, a druid animal companion does.
A cavalier doesn't cast spells; however, a druid does. If your 1st level cavalier takes a level in druid, he's still a cavalier and still gets to cast spells. For the abilities specific to being a cavalier, he's still a 1st level cavalier, and for the abilities specific to being a druid, he's still a 1st level druid, but for everything else (skill points, saves, etc), he's a 2nd level character.
If you want to read the quotation from my first response as "A cavalier's mount does not gain the share spells special ability ever, under any circumstances, as opposed to simply not getting the ability like a normal animal companion normally does", you're welcome to. However, I would view that the same as reading this passage:
Even if a character’s Dexterity bonus to AC drops to 0 because of armor, this situation does not count as losing a Dexterity bonus to AC. For example, a rogue can’t sneak attack a character just because you’re wearing half-plate.
And then saying rogues can never sneak attack anyone wearing half-plate (under any circumstances) as a result.